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Introduction

Nose Bleed

  • Occurs when a small vein, along the lining of nose, bursts.
  • Most nosebleeds look scary, but are harmless
  • Can be treated at home
  • Common in children/elderly

Causes

  • Dryness
  • Nose picking
  • Blowing nose with force
  • Use of medications, like aspirin
  • Introducing objects into nose (mostly children)
  • Injuries
  • Allergies
  • Infections
  • High BP
  • Atherosclerosis
  • Blood-clotting disorders
  • Use of cocaine

Symptoms

  • Bleeding from nose
  • Sometimes bleeding from ears/mouth too

Types

a. Anterior Nosebleed

  • Affects lower part of wall that separates nostrils.
  • The wall or septum contains blood vessels.
  • These can be broken by blow to nose/fingernail.
  • The bleeding starts from front of nose.
  • It flows outward when patient is sitting/standing.
  • Occurs during dry season/harsh winter.
b. Posterior Nosebleed
  • Starts deep within the nose
  • It flows down the back of the mouth & throat
  • This happens even when the person is sitting/ standing
  • Occurs in old people/those with high BP/ injuries
  • Severe bleeding requires medical help
Treatment
  • Sit down and lean forward.
  • Using your thumb & index finger, squeeze soft part of nose for 10 minutes.
  • This part is between end of nose and the bridge of nose.
  • Continue holding till bleeding stops-
  • Do not stop in-between.
  • If bleeding continues, hold for another 10 minutes.
  • If the patient is a child, divert attention by TV/Stories.
  • Avoid picking, blowing or rubbing nose for 2 days
  • Place an ice pack on the bridge of nose.
  • Visit Hospital.

CPR / AED / First-Aid

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M. P. Khan